diff --git a/tests/backend/specs/socketio.js b/tests/backend/specs/socketio.js
index b30fa77e5..f776fea1c 100644
--- a/tests/backend/specs/socketio.js
+++ b/tests/backend/specs/socketio.js
@@ -93,265 +93,263 @@ describe(__filename, function() {
   let agent;
   before(async function() { agent = await common.init(); });
 
-  describe('socket.io access checks', function() {
-    let authorize;
-    let authorizeHooksBackup;
-    const cleanUpPads = async () => {
-      const padIds = ['pad', 'other-pad', 'päd'];
-      await Promise.all(padIds.map(async (padId) => {
-        if (await padManager.doesPadExist(padId)) {
-          const pad = await padManager.getPad(padId);
-          await pad.remove();
-        }
-      }));
+  let authorize;
+  let authorizeHooksBackup;
+  const cleanUpPads = async () => {
+    const padIds = ['pad', 'other-pad', 'päd'];
+    await Promise.all(padIds.map(async (padId) => {
+      if (await padManager.doesPadExist(padId)) {
+        const pad = await padManager.getPad(padId);
+        await pad.remove();
+      }
+    }));
+  };
+  const settingsBackup = {};
+  let socket;
+
+  beforeEach(async function() {
+    Object.assign(settingsBackup, settings);
+    assert(socket == null);
+    settings.editOnly = false;
+    settings.requireAuthentication = false;
+    settings.requireAuthorization = false;
+    settings.users = {
+      admin: {password: 'admin-password', is_admin: true},
+      user: {password: 'user-password'},
     };
-    const settingsBackup = {};
-    let socket;
+    authorize = () => true;
+    authorizeHooksBackup = plugins.hooks.authorize;
+    plugins.hooks.authorize = [{hook_fn: (hookName, {req}, cb) => {
+      return cb([authorize(req)]);
+    }}];
+    await cleanUpPads();
+  });
+  afterEach(async function() {
+    Object.assign(settings, settingsBackup);
+    if (socket) socket.close();
+    socket = null;
+    plugins.hooks.authorize = authorizeHooksBackup;
+    await cleanUpPads();
+  });
 
+  describe('Normal accesses', function() {
+    it('!authn anonymous cookie /p/pad -> 200, ok', async function() {
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+    });
+    it('!authn !cookie -> ok', async function() {
+      socket = await connect(null);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+    });
+    it('!authn user /p/pad -> 200, ok', async function() {
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+    });
+    it('authn user /p/pad -> 200, ok', async function() {
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+    });
+    it('authz user /p/pad -> 200, ok', async function() {
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
+      settings.requireAuthorization = true;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+    });
+    it('supports pad names with characters that must be percent-encoded', async function() {
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
+      // requireAuthorization is set to true here to guarantee that the user's padAuthorizations
+      // object is populated. Technically this isn't necessary because the user's padAuthorizations
+      // is currently populated even if requireAuthorization is false, but setting this to true
+      // ensures the test remains useful if the implementation ever changes.
+      settings.requireAuthorization = true;
+      const encodedPadId = encodeURIComponent('päd');
+      const res = await agent.get(`/p/${encodedPadId}`).auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'päd');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Abnormal access attempts', function() {
+    it('authn anonymous /p/pad -> 401, error', async function() {
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').expect(401);
+      // Despite the 401, try to create the pad via a socket.io connection anyway.
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+    it('authn !cookie -> error', async function() {
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
+      socket = await connect(null);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+    it('authorization bypass attempt -> error', async function() {
+      // Only allowed to access /p/pad.
+      authorize = (req) => req.path === '/p/pad';
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
+      settings.requireAuthorization = true;
+      // First authenticate and establish a session.
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      // Accessing /p/other-pad should fail, despite the successful fetch of /p/pad.
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'other-pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Authorization levels via authorize hook', function() {
     beforeEach(async function() {
-      Object.assign(settingsBackup, settings);
-      assert(socket == null);
-      settings.editOnly = false;
-      settings.requireAuthentication = false;
-      settings.requireAuthorization = false;
-      settings.users = {
-        admin: {password: 'admin-password', is_admin: true},
-        user: {password: 'user-password'},
-      };
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
+      settings.requireAuthorization = true;
+    });
+
+    it("level='create' -> can create", async function() {
+      authorize = () => 'create';
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
+    });
+    it('level=true -> can create', async function() {
       authorize = () => true;
-      authorizeHooksBackup = plugins.hooks.authorize;
-      plugins.hooks.authorize = [{hook_fn: (hookName, {req}, cb) => {
-        return cb([authorize(req)]);
-      }}];
-      await cleanUpPads();
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
     });
-    afterEach(async function() {
-      Object.assign(settings, settingsBackup);
-      if (socket) socket.close();
-      socket = null;
-      plugins.hooks.authorize = authorizeHooksBackup;
-      await cleanUpPads();
+    it("level='modify' -> can modify", async function() {
+      await padManager.getPad('pad'); // Create the pad.
+      authorize = () => 'modify';
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
+    });
+    it("level='create' settings.editOnly=true -> unable to create", async function() {
+      authorize = () => 'create';
+      settings.editOnly = true;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+    it("level='modify' settings.editOnly=false -> unable to create", async function() {
+      authorize = () => 'modify';
+      settings.editOnly = false;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+    it("level='readOnly' -> unable to create", async function() {
+      authorize = () => 'readOnly';
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+    it("level='readOnly' -> unable to modify", async function() {
+      await padManager.getPad('pad'); // Create the pad.
+      authorize = () => 'readOnly';
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, true);
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Authorization levels via user settings', function() {
+    beforeEach(async function() {
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
     });
 
-    describe('Normal accesses', function() {
-      it('!authn anonymous cookie /p/pad -> 200, ok', async function() {
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-      });
-      it('!authn !cookie -> ok', async function() {
-        socket = await connect(null);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-      });
-      it('!authn user /p/pad -> 200, ok', async function() {
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-      });
-      it('authn user /p/pad -> 200, ok', async function() {
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-      });
-      it('authz user /p/pad -> 200, ok', async function() {
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-        settings.requireAuthorization = true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-      });
-      it('supports pad names with characters that must be percent-encoded', async function() {
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-        // requireAuthorization is set to true here to guarantee that the user's padAuthorizations
-        // object is populated. Technically this isn't necessary because the user's padAuthorizations
-        // is currently populated even if requireAuthorization is false, but setting this to true
-        // ensures the test remains useful if the implementation ever changes.
-        settings.requireAuthorization = true;
-        const encodedPadId = encodeURIComponent('päd');
-        const res = await agent.get(`/p/${encodedPadId}`).auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'päd');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-      });
+    it('user.canCreate = true -> can create and modify', async function() {
+      settings.users.user.canCreate = true;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
+    });
+    it('user.canCreate = false -> unable to create', async function() {
+      settings.users.user.canCreate = false;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+    it('user.readOnly = true -> unable to create', async function() {
+      settings.users.user.readOnly = true;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+    it('user.readOnly = true -> unable to modify', async function() {
+      await padManager.getPad('pad'); // Create the pad.
+      settings.users.user.readOnly = true;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, true);
+    });
+    it('user.readOnly = false -> can create and modify', async function() {
+      settings.users.user.readOnly = false;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
+      assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
+    });
+    it('user.readOnly = true, user.canCreate = true -> unable to create', async function() {
+      settings.users.user.canCreate = true;
+      settings.users.user.readOnly = true;
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
+    });
+  });
+
+  describe('Authorization level interaction between authorize hook and user settings', function() {
+    beforeEach(async function() {
+      settings.requireAuthentication = true;
+      settings.requireAuthorization = true;
     });
 
-    describe('Abnormal access attempts', function() {
-      it('authn anonymous /p/pad -> 401, error', async function() {
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').expect(401);
-        // Despite the 401, try to create the pad via a socket.io connection anyway.
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-      it('authn !cookie -> error', async function() {
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-        socket = await connect(null);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-      it('authorization bypass attempt -> error', async function() {
-        // Only allowed to access /p/pad.
-        authorize = (req) => req.path === '/p/pad';
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-        settings.requireAuthorization = true;
-        // First authenticate and establish a session.
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        // Accessing /p/other-pad should fail, despite the successful fetch of /p/pad.
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'other-pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
+    it('authorize hook does not elevate level from user settings', async function() {
+      settings.users.user.readOnly = true;
+      authorize = () => 'create';
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
     });
-
-    describe('Authorization levels via authorize hook', function() {
-      beforeEach(async function() {
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-        settings.requireAuthorization = true;
-      });
-
-      it("level='create' -> can create", async function() {
-        authorize = () => 'create';
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
-      });
-      it('level=true -> can create', async function() {
-        authorize = () => true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
-      });
-      it("level='modify' -> can modify", async function() {
-        await padManager.getPad('pad'); // Create the pad.
-        authorize = () => 'modify';
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
-      });
-      it("level='create' settings.editOnly=true -> unable to create", async function() {
-        authorize = () => 'create';
-        settings.editOnly = true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-      it("level='modify' settings.editOnly=false -> unable to create", async function() {
-        authorize = () => 'modify';
-        settings.editOnly = false;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-      it("level='readOnly' -> unable to create", async function() {
-        authorize = () => 'readOnly';
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-      it("level='readOnly' -> unable to modify", async function() {
-        await padManager.getPad('pad'); // Create the pad.
-        authorize = () => 'readOnly';
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, true);
-      });
-    });
-
-    describe('Authorization levels via user settings', function() {
-      beforeEach(async function() {
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-      });
-
-      it('user.canCreate = true -> can create and modify', async function() {
-        settings.users.user.canCreate = true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
-      });
-      it('user.canCreate = false -> unable to create', async function() {
-        settings.users.user.canCreate = false;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-      it('user.readOnly = true -> unable to create', async function() {
-        settings.users.user.readOnly = true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-      it('user.readOnly = true -> unable to modify', async function() {
-        await padManager.getPad('pad'); // Create the pad.
-        settings.users.user.readOnly = true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, true);
-      });
-      it('user.readOnly = false -> can create and modify', async function() {
-        settings.users.user.readOnly = false;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const clientVars = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.type, 'CLIENT_VARS');
-        assert.equal(clientVars.data.readonly, false);
-      });
-      it('user.readOnly = true, user.canCreate = true -> unable to create', async function() {
-        settings.users.user.canCreate = true;
-        settings.users.user.readOnly = true;
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-    });
-
-    describe('Authorization level interaction between authorize hook and user settings', function() {
-      beforeEach(async function() {
-        settings.requireAuthentication = true;
-        settings.requireAuthorization = true;
-      });
-
-      it('authorize hook does not elevate level from user settings', async function() {
-        settings.users.user.readOnly = true;
-        authorize = () => 'create';
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
-      it('user settings does not elevate level from authorize hook', async function() {
-        settings.users.user.readOnly = false;
-        settings.users.user.canCreate = true;
-        authorize = () => 'readOnly';
-        const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
-        socket = await connect(res);
-        const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
-        assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
-      });
+    it('user settings does not elevate level from authorize hook', async function() {
+      settings.users.user.readOnly = false;
+      settings.users.user.canCreate = true;
+      authorize = () => 'readOnly';
+      const res = await agent.get('/p/pad').auth('user', 'user-password').expect(200);
+      socket = await connect(res);
+      const message = await handshake(socket, 'pad');
+      assert.equal(message.accessStatus, 'deny');
     });
   });
 });